Nigeria’s efforts to revive its cotton and textile industry have not succeeded because of problems with the structure and poor performance of genetically modified (GM) cotton types.

Most of the nation’s cotton needs are still imported, and domestic production is still low despite years of investment in transgenic strains.

Michael Uguru, a crop science specialist at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, cautions that cultivars like MRC7377BG11 and MRC7361BG11, despite initial hopes for increased yields and pest resistance, have not met expectations, delivering only marginal improvements. This unfulfilled potential represents a setback for the textile industry.

“After more than five years, cotton growth remains suboptimal,” he says, calling on the government to redouble efforts to improve seed quality, agronomic support, and extension services across cotton‑growing regions.

Uguru argues that the heavy focus on transgenic seeds has diverted crucial attention and funding from other pillars of industry health, including robust research and development, reliable input supply chains, and the urgent revival of textile mills. 

“Without strengthening these foundations,” he cautions, “no single seed technology can lift the entire value chain.”

Anibe Achimugu, president of the National Cotton Association of Nigeria (NACOTAN), adds that climate change and persistent pest pressures have only exacerbated the industry’s woes. 

“Our farmers face unpredictable weather and relentless insect damage,” she explains. “These challenges, combined with weak processing networks, make it impossible for Nigerian cotton to compete internationally.”

Nonetheless, there is cautious hope that policy changes might lead to a change in direction. From seed research and input distribution to ginning and fabric manufacture, the newly formed Cotton, Textile, and Garment Development Board has been entrusted with transforming the industry.

According to stakeholders, Nigeria’s cotton growers and textile workers may finally see a route to sustainable prosperity if the board can organise targeted investments and enforce quality standards.

Source: AgroNigeria

Image Credit:  FreePik